[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/grafen-je-prevratny-vynalez-ide-o-material-ktory-patri-k-najtensim-na-svete\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/grafen-je-prevratny-vynalez-ide-o-material-ktory-patri-k-najtensim-na-svete\/","headline":"Graf\u00e9n je prevratn\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez. Ide o materi\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd patr\u00ed k najten\u0161\u00edm na svete","name":"Graf\u00e9n je prevratn\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez. Ide o materi\u00e1l, ktor\u00fd patr\u00ed k najten\u0161\u00edm na svete","description":"Fyzici\u00a0pracuj\u00fa na mnoh\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch projektoch, pri\u010dom sa zameriavaj\u00fa na t\u00e9mu ako \u010deli\u0165 environment\u00e1lnej hrozbe, ktor\u00e1","datePublished":"2019-11-10","dateModified":"2019-11-10","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/212a6ea425a80cff3df937dbbc230f07127cee4fead311d1e3d946308365d666?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/212a6ea425a80cff3df937dbbc230f07127cee4fead311d1e3d946308365d666?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"mgms.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308358_w16557_t1574446797.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308358_w16557_t1574446797.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.mgms.sk\/grafen-je-prevratny-vynalez-ide-o-material-ktory-patri-k-najtensim-na-svete\/","about":["Elektro"],"wordCount":452,"articleBody":"Fyzici\u00a0pracuj\u00fa na mnoh\u00fdch vedeck\u00fdch projektoch, pri\u010dom sa zameriavaj\u00fa na t\u00e9mu ako \u010deli\u0165 environment\u00e1lnej hrozbe, ktor\u00e1 je alarmuj\u00faca. Svoje doteraj\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky radi prezentuj\u00fa verejnosti stru\u010dne a\u00a0interakt\u00edvne.\u00a0\u010co s\u00fa to \u201ekvantov\u00e9 bodky\u201cVedeck\u00ed pracovn\u00edci sa u\u017e dlh\u0161ie venuj\u00fa v\u00fdvoju kvantov\u00fdch bodiek, ale verejnos\u0165 sa p\u00fdta, ak\u00fd v\u00fdznam maj\u00fa pre be\u017en\u00e9ho \u010dloveka. Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0druhov vyu\u017eitia by bolo ako n\u00e1hrada s\u00fa\u010dasn\u00fdch laserov, telev\u00edzorov, ale maj\u00fa aj ove\u013ea \u0161ir\u0161ie pou\u017eitie. Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed by bola medic\u00edna. Doposia\u013e boli v\u00a0praxi vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 polovodi\u010dov\u00e9 kvantov\u00e9 bodky, ktor\u00fdch b\u00e1zu tvorili ve\u013emi toxick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky ako je l\u00edtium a\u00a0kadmium. T\u00e1to skuto\u010dnos\u0165 prin\u00fatila vedcov zamyslie\u0165 sa nad mo\u017enos\u0165ou tieto l\u00e1tky nahradi\u0165 netoxick\u00fdmi a\u00a0podarilo sa im vyrobi\u0165 uhl\u00edkov\u00e9 kvantov\u00e9 bodky. S\u00fa menej toxick\u00e9, ale ak skon\u010dia v\u00a0odpadov\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch v\u00a0podzem\u00ed v\u00a0nekontrolovate\u013enom mno\u017estve, vtedy predstavuj\u00fa pre \u013eud\u00ed ve\u013ek\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo. Na ich identifik\u00e1ciu s\u00fa dnes vedci pripraven\u00ed v\u010faka graf\u00e9nu, ktor\u00fd to dok\u00e1\u017ee. Je to najten\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1l na svete\u00a0R\u00fdchlos\u0165 \u010dast\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho pou\u017eitie na ako detektorMateri\u00e1l s\u00a0n\u00e1zvom graf\u00e9n je prakticky bez objemu, je hrub\u00fd ako atom\u00e1rna vrstva a\u00a0patr\u00ed do kateg\u00f3rie 2D materi\u00e1lov. Laicky by sme ho mohli prirovna\u0165 k\u00a0medov\u00e9mu pl\u00e1stu, ktor\u00fd m\u00e1 tvar 6-uholn\u00edka a\u00a0v\u00a0ka\u017edom jeho rohu je vlo\u017een\u00fd jeden at\u00f3m uhl\u00edka, \u010d\u00edm z\u00edskal zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 vlastnosti. Jednou z\u00a0nich je neskuto\u010dn\u00e1 r\u00fdchlos\u0165 \u010dast\u00edc v\u00a0\u0148om, ktor\u00e9 ved\u00fa elektrick\u00fd pr\u00fad, dosahuj\u00fa takmer r\u00fdchlos\u0165 svetla, ktor\u00e1 je 3×108 m\/s, no v\u00a0graf\u00e9ne je ich r\u00fdchlos\u0165 1×106 m\/s. T\u00e1to vlastnos\u0165 ho predur\u010duje na pou\u017eitie v\u00a0\u00falohe citliv\u00e9ho detektora.\u00a0Pom\u00f4\u017eu aj v medic\u00edneNa Slovensku m\u00e1me takzvan\u00e9 \u201e\u010dist\u00e9 laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1\u201c, v\u00a0ktor\u00fdch sa tieto \u010d\u00edpy pripravuj\u00fa. Je tam m\u00e1lo prachov\u00fdch \u010dast\u00edc a svieti v\u00a0nich \u0161peci\u00e1lne svetlo. Pracovn\u00edci tam preto chodia oble\u010den\u00ed v\u00a0\u0161peci\u00e1lnych odevoch, aby dovn\u00fatra nepriniesli prach z\u00a0exteri\u00e9ru. Graf\u00e9n je ve\u013emi tenk\u00fd a\u00a0sledova\u0165 ho je mo\u017en\u00e9 len pod mikroskopom atom\u00e1rnych \u010dast\u00edc \u010di r\u00f4znych in\u00fdch zariaden\u00ed. Je tie\u017e ve\u013emi citliv\u00fd, a\u00a0tak jeho vyu\u017eitie je mo\u017en\u00e9 nielen na detekciu nano\u010dast\u00edc, ale aj DNA alebo rakoviny, ale najprv je potrebn\u00e9 jeho povrch \u0161peci\u00e1lne aktivova\u0165 na tieto patog\u00e9ny.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.3\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Graf\u00e9n je prevratn\u00fd vyn\u00e1lez. 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